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Solved problems for the chapter:

Safety Precautions

View the theory »

Radioactivity

1. Half-life

2. Types of radioactive decay

↓ Show theory [1] ↓

Detailed solution steps are available at:

https://en.openprof.com/wb/chapter:safety_precautions/3664/

Example 1.

Which row states a harmful effect and a beneficial effect of ionising radiation on living things?

	harmful effect	beneficial effect
A	kills cancer cells	kills cancer cells
B	kills cancer cells	mutates living cells
C	mutates living cells	kills cancer cells
D	mutates living cells	mutates living cells

Example 2.

Several scientists are working in a laboratory. The scientists are experimenting with sources which emit ionising radiation. Each scientist is given a list of safety rules. Three of the rules are shown.

Keep at least 2 m away from other people.
Do not stay longer than 4 hours per day in the laboratory.
Stay behind the lead-lined screen.

Which safety rules are for protection against the effects of ionising radiation?

I and II only
I and III only
II and III only
I, II and III

A radioactive material is emitting -particles. The radioactive material is used in a demonstration in a school laboratory experiment. Which safety precaution must be taken by the person carrying out the experiment?

Wear goggles.
Handle the source with tongs.
Place the source on a heat-proof mat.
Surround the experiment with a lead screen.

The diagram shows a lead-lined box used to store radioactive sources.

Why is the inside of the box lined with lead?

It makes the box heavier
It reduces the amount of radiation that can escape from the box
It makes the radioactive sources more stable
It helps the sources to stay radioactive for longer

Why should all radioactive materials be handled carefully?

They all catch fire very easily
They all emit ionising radiation
They all make anything they touch radioactive
They all have long half-lives.

Why are some radioactive sources stored in boxes made from lead?

Lead increases the half-life of radioactive sources
Lead decreases the half-life of radioactive sources
Leas repels emissions from radioactive sources
Lead absorbs emissions from radioactive sources

Radioactive materials must be handled in a safe way. What is not a safety procedure?

Wear protective clothing.
Monitor exposure time to radioactive materials.
Use tongs to pick up the radioactive source.
Store radioactive materials in cardboard boxes.

Which is the most effective precaution to reduce the risk when storing, handling or using a radioactive source that emits -rays?

Have a fire extinguisher nearby when using the source
Handle the source for the least possible time
Wear plastic safety goggles when handling the source
Store the source at a low temperature

A scientist needs to use a source of -rays as safely as possible. Which action will not reduce the amount of radiation reaching the scientist?

placing a lead screen between the scientist and the source
keeping the time for which the scientist used the source as small as possible
keeping the distance between the scientist and the source as large as possible
keeping the temperature of the source as low as possible

10.

Which material is commonly used as a lining for a box for storing radioactive samples?

lead
uranium
aluminium
copper