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Hubble’s law states that the recessional speed of a galaxy is directly proportional to its distance from the observer. It is given mathematically as:
where is the recessional speed of the galaxy, is the distance of the galaxy from the observer, and is the Hubble constant.
When redshift occurs, the wavelengths of spectral lines are greater than their known values due to the movement of the star away from the observer. This therefore shows that the Universe is expanding.
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is the recessional speed of the galaxy, 
is the distance of the galaxy from the observer, and 
is the Hubble constant.
