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Internal Energy

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Explain what happens to the internal energy of a warm cake if we put it in the refrigerator.

Identify the correct statement in the list below:

A body’s internal energy can be increased if the body receives work.
If the temperature of an observed body increases, its internal energy also increases.
A colder body has more internal energy than a warmer body.
If we heat tea, its internal energy decreases.
When we start a car's engine, its internal energy increases.
If we pour boiling water into a pot and then pour out the water, the internal energy of the pot does not change.
A body retains its internal energy when not in contact with another body.
As soon as we turn on a light bulb, the internal energy of the bulb decreases as it emits heat.

Which of the following statements describe the change in internal energy of the described body? Does the body's internal energy increase or decrease?

Explain what happens to the internal energy of bodies in the following cases:

Jeff pours cold water on his hand. Explain what happens to the internal energy of:

In which state is the water in cases 1 and 2? In which case does the water have more internal energy?

The figure below shows the water in a lake with the temperatures at different layers. Which layer has the greatest internal energy?

Lake water temperature

Choose the right option:

Does the internal energy depend on the state of matter?
- It does not depend
- It depends
When a substance gives off heat, how does its internal energy change?
- Increases
- Decreases
- Remains unchanged
How does the internal energy of a water heated change?
- Increases
- Decreases
- Remains unchanged
A tin of milk is put in the refrigerator. What happens to its internal energy?
- Increases
- Decreases
- Remains unchanged
A hot soup is poured into a cold plate. How do the internal energies of the soup and the plate change?
- The internal energies of both the soup and plate increase.
- The internal energies of both the soup and plate decrease.
- The internal energy of the soup increases while that of the plate decreases.
- The internal energy of the soup decreases while that of the plate increases.
- The internal energies of both the soup and plate remain unchanged.

Select the correct option(s) in each of the list below:

Which of the following can be considered as internal energy?
- Kinetic energy of a body.
- Kinetic energy of molecules of matter.
- Potential energy of a body.
- Elastic energy of the molecules of matter.
What is the difference between internal energy and heat?
- No differences.
- Heat is just a type of internal energy.
- Heat is the energy that is transferred between bodies and thus increases or decreases their internal energy.
How does the internal energy depend on the speed of motion of the molecules of matter?
- It does not depend.
- It increases with the speed of the molecules.
- It decreases with the speed of the molecules.
Can the molecules of matter be completely at rest?
- Yes, it can be at a temperature of .
- No, it can't be.
How can we change the internal energy?
- By adding or subtracting heat.
- By adding or subtracting mechanical work.
- By adding or subtracting heat and mechanical work.

Pick the correct option that best describes the internal energy of the cases described below:

When water freezes, does the ice have more, less, or the same internal energy as the water?
- more
- less
- the same
When water evaporates, does the steam have more, less, or the same internal energy as the boiling water?
- more
- less
- the same
When you come out of the water and wait in the shade to dry. Does the internal energy of your skin change?
- It increases
- It decreases
- It remains the same
A stone falls to the ground. Does its internal energy change?
- It increases
- It reduces
- It remains unchanged
When the brake of a car is applied, how does the internal energy of the brake pads change?
- It increases
- It reduces
- It remains unchanged

Pick the correct option in the list below:

When a substance performs mechanical work, how does its internal energy change?
- Increases.
- Decreases.
- Remains unchanged.
Can we add heat to a substance without changing its internal energy? Consider the possibility that the substance can also simultaneously emit or receive mechanical work.
- Yes, we can.
- No, we can't.
Two bodies of the same substance but different masses are at the same temperature. Which substance has higher internal energy?
- The body with greater mass.
- The body with lower mass.
- Both have the same internal energy.
Can a substance at a higher temperature have less internal energy than a substance at a lower temperature?
- Yes
- No
What kind of energies can we change with work?
- Kinetic energy.
- Potential energy.
- Elastic energy.
- Internal energy.
- All of the above.