Unlock access to content

Select one option:

Free of charge

Unlock the chapter "Nucleus"

Unlock access to the solution of problems in this chapter.
Free of charge Price: 3.00 £

Continue »

Subscribe to OpenProf If you do not get a better grade, you get your money back!

Unlock access to all problems solutions.
Available from 8.25 £ / month.

Continue »

Solved problems for the chapter:

Nucleus

View the theory »

Atomic Nucleus

1. Atomic and mass number

2. Isotopes and relative atomic mass

3. Binding energy of the nucleus

4. Mass defect

5. Forum

↓ Show theory [1] ↓

Detailed solution steps are available at:

https://en.openprof.com/wb/chapter:nucleus/3656/

Example 1.

What is meant by nuclear fusion?

the emission of an electron from a nucleus
the emission of two protons from a nucleus
the joining together of two nuclei
the splitting of a nucleus into two smaller nuclei

Example 2.

What is nuclear fission?

the merging of two nuclei to create a heavier nucleus
the process by which electrons are removed from an atom
the process by which stars generate energy
the splitting of a nucleus to create two smaller nuclei

Uranium-235 can undergo nuclear fission in many ways. Which equation correctly shows a possible fission reaction for uranium-235?

Fission and fusion are two types of nuclear process. How does the total mass of the nuclides produced compare with the total mass of the original nuclide or nuclides in these nuclear processes?

	total mass of fission products compared to original nuclide	total mass of fusion products compared to original nuclides
A	same	same
B	more	less
C	less	more
D	less	less

Which nuclear reaction produces the release of energy to power a star?

nuclear fission of helium into hydrogen
nuclear fission of hydrogen into helium
nuclear fusion of helium into hydrogen
nuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium

Which row describes the power source for a stable star?

	type of nuclear reaction	fuel
A	fission	hydrogen
B	fission	uranium
C	fusion	hydrogen
D	fusion	uranium

A scientist was asked to separate the following equations into two categories: nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.

Which equations show nuclear fission?

1 and 2
1 and 3
1 and 4
2 and 4

Nuclear fusion is a reaction that takes place in stars. Which row describes this reaction?

	action of atomic nuclei	energy
A	an atomic nucleus splits into two or more smaller nuclei	absorbed
B	an atomic nucleus splits into two or more smaller nuclei	released
C	atomic nuclei join together to form a larger nucleus	absorbed
D	atomic nuclei join together to form a larger nucleus	released

Four students are asked to comment on the processes of nuclear fission and nuclear fusion. Their comments are recorded in the table. Which row is correct?

	fission	fusion
A	energy is absorbed	a large unstable nucleus splits
B	a large unstable nucleus splits	energy is absorbed
C	two light nuclei join	energy is absorbed
D	energy is released	two light nuclei join

10.

Which row correctly states how nuclei behave during nuclear fission and during nuclear fusion?

	fission	fusion
A	nuclei join together	nuclei join together
B	nuclei join together	nuclei split apart
C	nuclei split apart	nuclei join together
D	nuclei split apart	nuclei split apart

11.

What occurs during nuclear fusion?

Two light atomic nuclei join together and emit energy.
Two light atomic nuclei join together and absorb energy.
A heavy atomic nucleus splits and emits energy
A heavy atomic nucleus splits and absorbs energy.

12.

A type of nuclear reaction takes place in stars. Which row describes this type of reaction?

	nuclear reaction	nuclei formed	energy transfer
A	fission	larger than original nuclei	released
B	fission	smaller than original nuclei	absorbed
C	fusion	larger than original nuclei	released
D	fusion	smaller than original nuclei	absorbed

13.

A nuclide of chlorine has the symbol shown.

What is the nucleon number of this nuclide of chlorine?

14.

A nucleus of element X is represented as . Which is an isotope of element X?

15.

What is the nucleon number of a nuclide?

the number of neutrons in the nucleus
the number of protons in the nucleus
the number of protons minus the number of neutrons in the nucleus
the number of protons plus the number of neutrons in the nucleus

16.

The table shows the composition of three different nuclei.

Which nuclei are isotopes of the same element?

X and Y only
X and Z only
Y and Z only
X, Y and Z

17.

How many protons and how many neutrons are in a nucleus of ?

	protons	neutrons
A	90	144
B	90	234
C	144	90
D	234	90

18.

An iron nuclide is represented by the symbol shown.

Which statements about a nucleus of this iron nuclide are correct?

The nucleus contains 56 neutrons.
The nucleon number is 30
The proton number is 26.

1 and 2
1 and 3
2 and 3
3 only

19.

The nuclide notation of the isotope strontium-90 is . Which statement is correct?

A nucleus of strontium-90 has 38 neutrons.
A nucleus of strontium-90 has 52 neutrons.
A nucleus of strontium-90 has 90 electrons.
A nucleus of strontium-90 has 90 neutrons.

20.

The nuclide notation for the isotope lithium-7 is . How many neutrons are there in an atom of lithium-7?

21.

The atoms of an element can exist as different isotopes. What is the difference between atoms of different isotopes of the same element?

They have different numbers of electrons.
They have different numbers of protons and different numbers of neutrons.
They have different numbers of protons only.
They have different numbers of neutrons only.

22.

A nuclide of cobalt contains 27 protons and 32 neutrons. Which symbol represents this nuclide?

23.

Which statement describes two atoms of different isotopes of an element?

two atoms with the same nucleon number but different proton number
two atoms with a different nucleon number but the same proton number
two atoms with the same nucleon number and the same proton number
two atoms with a different nucleon number and different proton number

24.

A nuclide has the symbol . Which statement about all atoms of this nuclide is correct?

There are 6 protons in the nucleus.
There are 14 neutrons in the nucleus.
There are 6 electrons in the nucleus.
There are 20 nucleons in the nucleus.

25.

The symbol below describes a nuclide.

Which row is correct?

	proton number (Z)	nucleon number (A)
A	4	5
B	4	9
C	9	4
D	9	5

26.

The proton numbers and nucleon numbers of four nuclides are shown.

Which statement is correct?

Plutonium (Pu) contains one more proton than uranium (U).
Thorium (Th) contains one more neutron than radium (Ra).
Thorium (Th) contains one more proton than radium (Ra).
Uranium (U) contains one more neutron than plutonium (Pu).

27.

The nuclide notation for sodium-23 is . How many protons are in a nucleus of sodium-23?

28.

The nucleus of an atom X is represented by the notation shown.

How many protons and how many neutrons are in this nucleus?

	number of protons	number of neutrons
A	P	Q
B	P	Q-P
C	Q	P
D	Q	P-Q

29.

A nuclide has the symbol . Which statement about all atoms of this nuclide is correct?

There are 11 protons in the nucleus.
There are 23 neutrons in the nucleus.
There are 11 electrons in the nucleus.
There are 34 nucleons in the nucleus.

30.

A nuclide of the element iron has the symbol shown.

What does a neutral atom of this nuclide contain?

	protons	neutrons	electrons
A	26	30	26
B	26	56	30
C	30	26	56
D	56	26	30

31.

The symbol represents a nucleus of zinc.

Which row gives the numbers of protons and neutrons in this nucleus?

	number of protons	number of neutrons
A	30	38
B	30	68
C	38	30
D	38	68

32.

Carbon-14 is a radioactive isotope of carbon. An atom of carbon-14 has 6 protons in its nucleus. Another isotope of carbon is carbon-12.

Determine the number of protons in a carbon-12 nucleus.
Determine the number of neutrons in a carbon-14 nucleus.
Determine the number of electrons orbiting the nucleus of a single carbon-14 atom.

33.

Which particles are carriers of electric charge?